AGP Executive Report

UN Sanctions: The UN Security Council extended Sudan’s Darfur arms embargo for one month, while negotiations continue on a US push to expand restrictions nationwide; Russia and Sudan’s ambassador opposed widening the ban, arguing it would go beyond Darfur and affect self-defence. UAE Diplomacy: The UAE urged the Council to expand the arms embargo across all of Sudan and to all warring parties and their supply networks, saying it would curb weapons flows, protect civilians, and support a political settlement. Human Rights Pressure: Rights groups used the UN Human Rights Council to demand an independent investigation into chemical weapons allegations in Sudan and urgent protection for civilians in besieged areas, arguing the war is under-reported and lacks accountability. Khartoum Politics & Media: Sudanese journalists’ syndicate called for the immediate release of detained editor-in-chief Attaf Mohamed Mokhtar in Egypt, linking his arrest to criticism of alleged UAE support for the RSF. War on the Ground: A drone strike on the Umm Ruwaba courthouse in North Kordofan killed 13 civilians and wounded 22, with witnesses and local groups attributing it to the RSF and calling for an independent probe. Regional Return Effort: Sudan launched its first voluntary return flight from Morocco, with the embassy saying Moroccan support helped bring the first group back to Port Sudan for reconstruction. BRICS Signal: At the New Delhi BRICS summit, leaders adopted a declaration calling for “maximum restraint” in the Middle East and addressing crises including Sudan, while also pushing UN and global governance reforms.

UN Sanctions: The UN Security Council unanimously extended Sudan’s Darfur arms embargo for one month, while talks continue on a US push for a nationwide embargo and tougher listings over abuses like sexual violence, kidnappings, and attacks on humanitarian workers. Khartoum vs Washington: Russia and Sudan’s UN ambassador opposed expanding the ban, arguing it violates the UN Charter’s self-defence principle and that the government has battlefield advantage. Darfur Focus: The Darfur-only embargo remains in place as the council weighs changes amid the army–RSF war that began in April 2023. Human Rights Pressure: The debate comes as rights groups and UN-linked reporting keep spotlighting alleged war crimes and the need for accountability. Media Detention: Separately, Sudanese journalist Attaf Mohamed Mokhtar was detained in Cairo; his syndicate demanded Egypt clarify his legal status and release him. Drones and Civilian Harm: A drone strike on the Umm Ruwaba courthouse in North Kordofan reportedly killed 13 civilians, raising calls for an independent investigation.

UN Sanctions: The UN Security Council unanimously extended Sudan’s Darfur arms embargo for one month while talks continue over a US push for a nationwide ban, with Russia warning it will block any broadening. Khartoum Politics: Sudan’s Sovereignty Council chief said the US proposal for a wider arms embargo will fail at the UN, as diplomacy intensifies around the war’s political track. War Crimes & Accountability: Rights and legal voices are renewing pressure for scrutiny of alleged chlorine weapons use by Sudanese forces, including calls for EU action and independent verification. AI & Influence: AI firm Anthropic says it disrupted a UAE-linked influence operation using its Claude chatbot to target UN experts and shape narratives around the Sudan war, including content aimed at the Muslim Brotherhood. Regional Diplomacy: Egypt’s Sisi and Russia’s Putin stressed de-escalation and preserving Sudan’s unity and sovereignty, framing Sudan as a “red line” for Cairo.

UN Sanctions: The UN Security Council unanimously extended Sudan’s sanctions regime for one month, keeping the Darfur arms embargo in place until Oct. 9 while the U.S. pushes to widen the arms ban nationwide and tighten targeted sanctions to cover sexual violence, kidnapping for ransom, and attacks on humanitarian personnel. Chemical Weapons Scrutiny: Rights groups and UN-linked reporting renewed pressure for a chlorine-attack inquiry as allegations of Sudanese chemical weapons use and leaked files keep resurfacing. War Supply Networks: A UN fact-finding mission says foreign-linked recruitment and companies—allegedly tied to the UAE and Colombia, with transit routes via Chad and Bosaso—have supplied drones, weapons, training, and personnel to the RSF, urging the Security Council to expand the embargo beyond Darfur. Khartoum Diplomacy: The “Quintet” continues talks in Khartoum on war and an inclusive political process, while civil society rejects El Burhan’s proposed dialogue as “political cover.” Humanitarian Fallout: Aid cuts are driving clinic closures and shrinking healthcare access, as displacement and insecurity worsen across multiple states. Press Freedom: Egypt is urged to disclose the whereabouts and legal basis for the arrest of Sudanese journalist Ataf Mohamed Mokhtar, held incommunicado after reporting on Sudan and the war.

Sudan Peace Process: Sudanese civil society coalitions rejected a proposed “Sudanese-Sudanese dialogue” sponsored by Gen. Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and the military, calling it non-neutral “political cover” that can’t deliver legitimacy while the war continues. Regional Diplomacy: The Quintet Mechanism (UN, AU, EU, Arab League, IGAD) wrapped up Khartoum talks, reaffirming Sudan’s sovereignty and rejecting parallel governing structures, while pushing for an inclusive, credible Sudanese-led political process toward a civilian transition. War on the Ground: Sudan’s army said it shot down RSF drones targeting northern Omdurman, with Khartoum reporting a gradual return to normal life as displacement and insecurity persist. Chemical Weapons Pressure: Rights groups and chemical weapons experts renewed calls for an international chlorine-bomb inquiry, pointing to new reporting and urging an OPCW-led investigation into alleged Sudanese chlorine munitions. Humanitarian Fallout: A new humanitarian system report warned that global funding cuts are leaving millions with less aid, citing Sudan among places where political obstruction and violations of humanitarian law limit what aid can reach.

Cholera Response: West Kordofan’s El Adiya has reported about 70 cholera cases and 16 deaths, as a vaccination drive begins in Tawila, North Darfur, with WHO and UNICEF support and a 10-day campaign targeting at least 95,000 people. Chemical Weapons Allegations: New reporting and expert analysis renew claims that Sudan’s army pursued chlorine-based weapons, raising fresh legal and humanitarian concerns about attacks around Khartoum. Displacement & Shelter: IOM says thousands of tents have been erected in Tawila (including Daba Naira camp), but needs remain massive for more than 665,000 displaced people, with rainfall threatening worsening conditions. Khartoum Drone Clash: Sudan’s army says it shot down RSF drones targeting areas in northern Omdurman, with explosions reported over the capital. Peace Process Diplomacy: Sovereignty Council chief al-Burhan met the Quintet delegation (UN, AU, EU, Arab League, IGAD) to discuss peace efforts and an inclusive political process, with emphasis that there is “no military solution.” Regional Sanctions: Switzerland joined the EU in banning purchase/import of Sudanese gold, citing gold trade links to conflict financing.

Peace & Politics: Sudan’s Sovereignty Council chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan met the UN-AU-EU-Arab League-IGAD “Quintet” delegation in Khartoum, discussing peace efforts and pushing an inclusive political process—while stressing there is “no military solution” and calling for steps to protect civilians. Rejection of Dialogue Plan: A Sudanese political coalition dismissed Burhan’s proposed national dialogue as a move that would legitimize war-made power, urging negotiations that first end the fighting and rebuild security and a civilian state. Chemical Weapons Claims: New reporting and witness accounts intensify scrutiny of Sudan Armed Forces’ alleged chemical weapons use, including chlorine-linked incidents in 2024–2025, with calls for an OPCW investigation. Displacement in Darfur & Blue Nile: IOM says more than 4,500 people were newly displaced across North Darfur and Blue Nile as insecurity worsened, including cross-border movement into Chad. Civilian Harm in Courts: Sudan Doctors Network reports an RSF-attributed drone attack on a court headquarters in North Kordofan, killing at least 13 and injuring more than 20. Regional Security Angle: Analysis highlights how SAF–Eritrea cooperation and TPLF mobilization are reshaping the Horn’s security environment, raising risks of conflict convergence.

Sudan Peace Process: UN envoy Pekka Haavisto and the “Quintet” are in Khartoum pushing an inclusive political path, focusing on de-escalation, civilian protection, and detainee releases/exchanges. War Crimes & Civilian Harm: RSF-attributed drone strikes hit North Kordofan, killing at least 13 near a courthouse in Um Rawaba and raising fears for judicial safety and rule of law. Chemical Weapons Alarm: A new investigation by former OPCW officials points to credible signs of toxic chemical exposure in Sudan (including chlorine-linked incidents in 2024–2025), renewing calls for independent probes and accountability. Humanitarian Crisis: MSF warns Sudan’s health system is collapsing as global funding cuts force clinic closures after USAID funding ended. Regional Security: Analysis says Sudan’s war is reshaping the Horn’s security space as SAF–Eritrea cooperation and TPLF-linked mobilization pull neighbors into a shared, volatile environment. Defense Diplomacy: Indonesia and Sudan discussed food security cooperation and training/cadet exchanges as Sudan seeks to send personnel for capacity-building in Jakarta. Education Under Attack: On the International Day to Protect Education from Attack, reports highlight how conflict— including in Sudan—keeps children out of school and deepens long-term poverty and violence.

Drone Violence in North Kordofan: A drone strike on Um Ruwaba killed at least 13 and injured 22, hitting a market, a courthouse complex and nearby homes, with RSF blamed by local doctors. Humanitarian Aid Under Strain: Doctors Without Borders warns Sudan’s health system is collapsing as global funding cuts force clinic closures, leaving patients facing longer, riskier journeys for care. UN Alarm on Civilian Deaths: A UN official says drone strikes killed 1,120 civilians in Sudan in the first half of 2026, with Kordofan described as the conflict’s current epicenter. Rights Groups vs. Power Brokers: Human Rights Watch urges Germany to confront the UAE over its role in Sudan atrocities and domestic repression ahead of a UAE visit. Chemical Weapons Claims: A new report alleges Sudan’s army exploited international relief materials to produce chlorine-based munitions, renewing calls for accountability and an expanded arms embargo. ICRC Engagement: Qatar’s state minister met the ICRC chief in Doha to discuss protecting civilians and humanitarian access in both Gaza and Sudan.

Sudan Humanitarian Crisis: Médecins Sans Frontières warns Sudan’s healthcare system is nearing collapse as international aid cuts force closures and push patients toward a shrinking number of facilities, with about 37% of health centers nonoperational and UN response funding only 41% covered. Civilian Protection & Aid Access: A Sudan-focused UN push is gaining urgency as a coalition urges the UN Human Rights Council to name external backers of the SAF and renew the independent fact-finding mission amid reports of foreign drones and loitering munitions boosting attacks on civilians. Security & Civilian Harm: A drone strike blamed on the RSF killed 12 people outside a courthouse in Umm Rawaba, North Kordofan, underscoring the widening use of drones across the war. Regional Diplomacy: The “Quintet” (AU, UN, IGAD, Arab League, EU) is set for its first Khartoum visit to discuss a civilian-led political process, coordinating with the Quad. Water & Daily Life: El Obeid in North Kordofan faces a worsening drinking-water crisis and soaring prices, with residents blaming officials’ failures and added fees. Humanitarian Cooperation: Qatar’s minister meets the ICRC to strengthen humanitarian cooperation and protection of civilians, including in Sudan.

Sudan Chemical Weapons: New leaked files and U.S. media investigations again put Sudan’s Armed Forces under scrutiny, alleging a secret chlorine-gas weapons program, including bomb designs, testing, and use near Khartoum in 2024, with claims that senior commanders were aware—while Khartoum denies any toxic agents were used. International Accountability: A separate EU-focused report says independent verification is being blocked even as the U.S. and EU tighten sanctions and push for accountability, keeping the chemical-weapons debate at the center of Sudan diplomacy. Diplomatic Push for Dialogue: In Cairo, Arab League chief Nabil Fahmy met Sudan’s foreign minister, Mohi El-Din Salem, urging conditions for a Sudanese-led political dialogue, while stressing humanitarian access and support for stability and sovereignty. Regional Security Framing: At the Arab League ministerial session, Egypt called for new Arab security arrangements and de-escalation, while Tunisia emphasized Arab solidarity and Palestinian rights—signals that Sudan’s conflict remains tied to wider regional politics. Human Rights Pressure on Allies: Human Rights Watch urged Germany’s leaders to publicly confront the UAE’s human-rights record and alleged role in Sudan, citing a UN fact-finding mission linking UAE-linked networks to RSF abuses.

Chemical Weapons Allegations: Leaked U.S. files reported by major outlets claim Sudan’s army ran a chlorine-based munitions program, including production, testing, and a cover-up plan, with communications suggesting senior awareness—sparking renewed calls for accountability and stronger international action. UN Mediation on Politics: UN envoy Pekka Haavisto met Sudan’s top leadership in Khartoum, urging an inclusive political process, de-escalation, and progress toward prisoner and civilian detainee exchanges. Civilian Toll in Kordofan: Sudanese Doctors Network reports 26 civilians killed in South Kordofan attacks, with blame pointing to SPLM-N in separate incidents, as fighting and displacement worsen. Power Crisis & Solar Push: With the war straining the grid, households in and around Khartoum increasingly turn to solar to survive blackouts, but high costs keep many shut out. Regional Diplomacy: Egypt used the Arab League ministerial session in Cairo to stress Nile water security with Sudan, warning against actions that threaten shared interests and calling for coordinated Arab dialogue on regional threats. Military Diplomacy: Sudan’s army chief met the Sudanese ambassador to Jordan to discuss defense cooperation and regional developments.

Blue Nile Displacement: The UN migration agency says nearly 1,700 more people were driven from villages in Al-Kurmuk locality after fresh insecurity, bringing the latest wave to 1,690 displaced on Sept. 5, with families fleeing toward Baw. North Kordofan Frontline: Sudanese army units reportedly seized Hamrat al-Wiz in Jabra al-Sheikh, pushing RSF paramilitaries out as the fighting continues to reshape control of key routes and market hubs. Defense Diplomacy: Sudan’s defense minister met Qatar’s deputy prime minister and defense affairs minister during a visit focused on mutual security cooperation. War Economy & Politics: Sudan’s Communist Party warns the war has deepened an economic collapse and expanded a parallel economy tied to military and commercial interests. Chemical Weapons Claims: A new dossier renews allegations that Sudan’s military developed and stockpiled chlorine-based weapons, while rights groups urge stronger UN action. Arms Embargo Push: Civil society groups call on the UN Security Council to extend Sudan’s arms embargo nationwide, citing drone strikes hitting hospitals, camps, schools, and markets.

Sudan–Iraq Diplomacy: Iraq’s Coordination Framework and armed factions are heading toward talks on bringing weapons under state control before the Sept. 30 deadline, but factions are signaling they won’t surrender arsenals on a fixed timetable. Cabinet Politics in Baghdad: Iraqi PM Ali Al-Zaidi says he may personally choose candidates for nine vacant cabinet posts if blocs fail to win parliamentary confidence, while also floating ministry mergers to cut spending. PMF Law Push: Iraq’s government is preparing to refer PMF-related legislation to parliament in the coming weeks, including PMF restructuring and service/retirement drafts. Sudan War Crimes & Accountability: A Washington Post investigation alleges Sudan’s army built a secret chlorine chemical weapons programme—diverting chlorine, producing munitions, testing bombs, and trying to conceal traces—while Sudan’s military denies the claims. UN Pressure on Arms: Sudanese civil society groups urge the UN Security Council to expand the arms embargo nationwide, citing drone strikes hitting hospitals, camps, schools and markets. Home Front Energy: Sudan’s power crisis is pushing households toward solar, but high costs keep many families out, deepening inequality amid war-driven blackouts. Regional Security Context: Qatar hosted Sudan’s defence minister for talks on boosting security cooperation, as regional powers compete around Red Sea routes.

Chemical Weapons Scrutiny: A Washington Post dossier claims Sudan’s armed forces built and concealed a secret chlorine weapons program, including producing up to 290 munitions, testing bombs, and trying to cover up alleged 2024 attacks—while the U.S. presses for stronger UN action. UN Arms Embargo Push: Senior U.S. officials argue current UN restrictions are outdated and urge a nationwide arms embargo as drone warfare and foreign support worsen civilian harm. Security Cooperation: Qatar’s interior minister met Sudan’s interior minister to review security cooperation. Regional Diplomacy: The Arab League opened its 166th session in Cairo under Tunisia, with Sudan on the agenda alongside Gaza and Iranian attacks. Local Violence in Sudan: South Kordofan saw deadly attacks—Sudan Doctors Network reports killings and injuries in Dabi/Luwairi and shelling in Dilling, with civilians reportedly fleeing. Humanitarian/Politics: Spain appointed a new ambassador to Sudan but kept its Khartoum embassy closed for security reasons.

Chemical Weapons Allegations: New reporting says Sudan’s SAF under Gen. Abdel Fattah al-Burhan developed and used chlorine-based munitions against the RSF, then tried to conceal the program, prompting fresh international scrutiny. UN Arms Embargo Push: U.S. officials are urging the UN Security Council to expand a nationwide arms embargo on Sudan, warning the country is “descending into hell” as drone warfare and foreign support drive civilian harm. Regional Diplomacy: The Arab League opened its 166th session in Cairo under Tunisia’s chairmanship, with Sudan on the agenda alongside Iran attacks and Gaza. South Kordofan Violence: Sudan Doctors Network reports at least 26 killed in separate attacks in South Kordofan, including shelling in Dilling and an SPLM-N attack near Kauda, with civilians fleeing. External Links & Sanctions Debate: The UAE denies supplying weapons to any Sudan party, calls for extending the arms embargo across Sudan, and urges a ceasefire and civilian-led political process. Diplomatic Appointments: Spain agreed to appoint a new ambassador to Sudan, but keeps its Khartoum embassy closed for security reasons. Humanitarian Pressure: A U.S. adviser says Washington is pressing for a humanitarian truce to enable unhindered aid access and calls for releasing detained aid workers.